The Gombak Operational Unit Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2717 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? Gombak Operational Unit Slope Assessment Result As mentioned in Chapter 3, Gombak Operational Unit is managing a total of 380 STPs. Based on IWKs data, 128 STPs out of the 380 STPs have slope issues. This is derived from the assessment done by using the Standard Slope Criteria and Scoring Sheet. The slope assessment results for the 128 STPs were inserted in a Slope Data Scoring Sheet as shown in Appendix 5. A snap shot of the Slope Data Scoring Sheet is shown below in Figure 4.1. Figure 4.1: Snap Shot of Slope Data Scoring Sheet By inserting these data in this sheet, analysis can be conducted individually for the 8 criteria listed in the IWK Standard Slope Criteria and Scoring Sheet. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Gombak Operational Unit Finance Essay" essay for you Create order Findings and Analysis on the Slope Assessment Result Although the main objective of this research is to identify the most critical STPs based on a risk rating matrix, the author finds that an individual analysis based on the 8 criteria can be done. This will give a general picture on the slope situation faced by the Gombak Operational Unit. The findings and analysis are as below: STP close to any slopes Figure 4.2 shows the graph for the first criteria in the IWK Standard Slope Criteria and Scoring Sheet. Based on the graph, 47 out of 128 STPs got a scoring of 5 which means these STPs are located in between slopes (slopes above and below STPs). This is followed by 46 STPs which got a scoring of 2, which means these STPs are located below a slope. Lastly, 35 STPs have got a score of 4 which means these STPs are located above a slope. So it can be concluded that majority of the STPs in Gombak Operational Unit are located in between slopes (whereby there are slopes above and below the STP) which put these STPs in a high risk. Figure 4.2: STP Close to Any Slopes Distance of Slope from STP Figure 4.3 shows the graph for the second criteria in the IWK Standard Slope Criteria and Scoring Sheet. Based on the graph, 100 out of 128 STPs got a scoring of 5 which means these STPs are located very near to a slope with a distance of less than 5 meters. This is followed by 23 STPs which got a scoring of 4, whereby these STPs are located nearby a slope in range of distance from 5 to 10 meters. There are 3 STPs with a score of 3 (11-20 meters) and 2 STPs with a score of 2 (21-50 meters). Based on the assessment, there are no STPs which are located more than 50 meters from a slope. Therefore, it can be concluded that majority of the STPs in Gombak Operational Unit are located very near to a slope with a range of less than 5 meters and this is considered to be a high risk. Figure 4.3: Distance of Slope from STP Height of Slope from STP Figure 4.4 shows the graph for the third criteria in the IWK Standard Slope Criteria and Scoring Sheet. As mentioned before, the higher the score the higher the risk is to the STP. As for this criteria, majority of the STPs falls under the scoring of 1 to 3 (9 meters and below) whereby it is considered in the category of low to moderate risk when it comes to height of a slope. A total of 106 STPs fall under the range of this scoring. 9 of the STPs got a scoring of 4 where by the slopes ranges from 10 to 19 meters high. Only about 13 out of the 128 STPs got a score of 5 where by the slopes located nearby these STPs are more than 20 meters high and it increase the risk to the STPs. Figure 4.4: Height of Slope from STP Condition of slope (steepness) Figure 4.5 shows the graph for the fourth criteria in the IWK Standard Slope Criteria and Scoring Sheet. This criterion focus on the steepness of the slope identified at each of the STPs operated by Gombak Operational Unit. Based on the graph, it can be concluded that majority of the STPs falls under the scoring of 5 which means the slopes identified at these STPs are very steep (35 degrees). As shown in the graph, 58 out of the 128 STPs are at high risk in terms of slope condition. It is followed by 41 STPs with a score of 2 (20 degrees) which falls under low risk and lastly 29 STPs falls under the scoring of 3 which is considered to have a moderate risk. Figure 4.5: Condition of Slope Cover for the slope Figure 4.6 shows a pie chart for the fifth criteria in the IWK Standard Slope Criteria and Scoring Sheet. This criterion focus on the type of slope protection provided for the 128 STPs identified to have slope issues. Slope with protection (especially structural protection) are considered to be more stable and reduce the risk of landslide or erosion. Based on the figure below, 104 out of 128 STPs were given a score of 3 meaning the slopes identified at these STPs have vegetation as its mode of protection. 22 out of 128 STPS were given a score of 0, meaning the slopes identified at these STPs are covered with structural protection. Lastly, only 2 STPs were given a score of 5 as the slopes identified at these STPS do not have any cover (structural or vegetation) to protect the slopes. Therefore it can be concluded that, majority of the STPs in Gombak Operational Unit have vegetation as their mode of slope protection. This poses moderate risk to the STPs. Figure 4.6: Cover for the Slope Any signs of erosion or damage Figure 4.7 shows a pie chart for the sixth criteria in the IWK Standard Slope Criteria and Scoring Sheet. Based on the pie chart, 117 out of the 128 STPs identified to have slope issues do not face any signs of erosion or damage. Only a minority of 11 STPs were given a scoring of 5 whereby the slopes were identified to have signs of erosion or damage. Figure 4.7: Signs of Erosion or Damage Drainage provided along the slope Figure 4.8 shows the pie chart for the seventh criteria in the IWK Standard Slope Criteria and Scoring Sheet. Based on the pie chart, 59 % of the STPs with slopes are provided with drainage. Where else, 41% of the STPs with slopes are not provided with drainage system. Although majority of the slopes are provided with drainage, 41% which is about 53 STPs with slopes is considerably a large number which is in high risk due to no drainage system provided along the slopes. Figure 4.8: Drainage Provided Along the Slope Potential Impact of Slope Failure Figure 4.9 shows the graph for the eight criteria in the IWK Standard Slope Criteria and Scoring Sheet. Based on the graph below, 54 STPs out of the 128 STPs were given a score of 0,where by the slopes identified at these STPs poses no impact to the STP and its surrounding in any manner if the slope fails. 49 STPs were given a score of 2 which means that the slopes identified at these STPs, will cause minor damage to the STP and its surrounding if the slope collapse. Out of the 128 STPs, 16 STPs were identified to be located near slopes which will cause major damage (not involving life or property) to the STP and its surrounding if the slope fails. Lastly, 9 STPs were identified to be located near slopes which will create a major catastrophe involving life or property if the slope fails. As a conclusion, a majority of 80% of the STPs are located near slopes which will create no or minor impact to the STP and its surrounding if the slope collapse. Therefore the focus area of IWK is for the balance 20% of the STPs which have slopes that will create a major impact to the company if it fails. Figure 4.9: Potential Impact of Slope Failure Prioritization of Critical STP Using the Risk Rating Matrix As mentioned in Chapter 3, by using the risk matrix, the prioritization is given to any STP which the scores fall under the red category (101-175). This means these STPs are considered to be the most critical STPs in terms of slope issues and priority should be given in managing these STPs first. Subsequently, prioritization is given to the STPs for which the scores fall under the green category (51-100) and lastly to the yellow category (0-50) which is considered to have low criticality level. Appropriate mitigation measures are then suggested based on the criticality ranking. Appendix 6 shows the list of Critical STP with Slope Issues which is the result of applying the risk rating formula of Hazard multiplied with Consequences on the slope data. This gives a criticality scoring for each of the STPs. After that, prioritization is done by sorting the data from the highest value to the lowest value. The level of criticality for each STP is determined by referring to the risk mat rix and a conditional formatting of colour coding is applied to the scoring as per the risk rating matrix. Figure 4.10 shows in a nutshell the summary of the result obtained from the prioritization exercise. The pie chart shows that the total number of STPs operated by Gombak Operational Unit is 380 STPs. Out of the total number of STPs, 128 STPs are identified to have slope issues. Based on the prioritization exercise using the risk rating matrix, 93 out of the 128 STPs are of low level criticality. 21 STPs are in medium level criticality and 14 STPs are in high level criticality. Figure 4.10: STPs with Slope Issues in IWK Gombak Operational Unit Focusing down to the 14 STPs which are considered to have the highest criticality level, a summary table was created. Refer to Table 4.1 below. Table 4.1: STPs with the High Level Criticality Scoring SCORE 145 125 120 115 112 110 108 105 TOTAL FREQUENCY 1 3 3 1 2 1 2 1 14 STPs AMA137 AMA133 AMA112 GUS128 GBK001 AMA087 GBK165 AMA040 AMA141 AMA130 GUS005 GUS110 GBK003 GBK139 As shown in the table above, the STP which has the highest criticality scoring is AMA137 with a total score of 145. This particular STP was given a score of 5 for five out of the eight criteria listed in the IWK Standard Slope Criteria and Scoring Sheet. It is then followed by three other STPs (AMA133, AMA141 and GBK003) with a total score of 125 each. Another three STPs (AMA112, AMA130 and GBK139) have a total score of 120 each. It is then followed by GUS 128, GBK001, GUS005, AMA087, GBK165, GUS110 and AMA040 with the respective scoring as listed in the table above. As predicted, most of these STPs are located at vulnerable areas where major landslides have happened before. The exact location of the STPs can be referred back to Appendix 4. Therefore it can be concluded that these STPs will be the most critical STPs for the Gombak Operational U nit especially AMA137. Mitigation methods suggested based on the STPs criticality level Appendix 7 shows the mitigation methods suggested based on the criticality level of the STPs. Some of the suggestions were given by the IWK staffs and some were referred from the Guidelines on Slope Maintenance in Malaysia, 2006 document. Nonetheless, it is strongly suggested that further investigation need to be conducted to verify these measures before implementing it. For the STPs which are in the high level criticality ranking, the mitigation methods vary based on the 8 criteria. However, most of these STPs need structural protection and also drainage works. Majority of the slopes are located outside the boundary of IWKs plants, therefore it falls under the jurisdiction of the LAs or JKR, and so a joint effort in handling this matter is required. Besides that, a couple of STPs are already in a Slope Watch Program which is assisted by the residents around the area to look out for any signs of slope failure. The STPs are namely AMA133 and AMA040. For the STPs which fall under the medium criticality ranking, the author felt that the risk mitigation method could be separated into two methods. For the STPs which scored 80 to 100, the strategy would be to have monthly inspection done, where else for STPs which scored 79 to 51, the strategy would be to have 6 monthly inspections done. This is a practical approach as already the Gombak Operational Unit is facing human resource constraints and by doing a monthly inspection for 21 STPs will increase their burden further. Therefore 8 STPs will undergo monthly inspections and 12 STPs will undergo 6 monthly inspections. But there is one off cases such as AMA048 whereby there is already a strategy in place of rationalizing this plant to a Regional STP nearby; therefore this plant will be soon decommissioned. As for the STPs which are in the low criticality ranking, the strategy to manage the risk is to have yearly inspection done. Table 4.2 shows the summary of the mitigation methods for the slope issues faced by the STPs in Gombak Operational Unit based on the criticality ranking. Table 4.2: Mitigation Methods for Slope Issues Criticality Ranking Criticality Score Range Total Number of STPs Mitigation Methods for Slope Issues High 101-175 14 8 STPs need structural protection together with drainage system. 2 STPs need structural protection only. 2 STPs need drainage system. 2 STPs are already in Slope Watch Program. Medium 51-100 21 12 STPs to go through 6 monthly inspections. 8 STPs to go through monthly inspection. 1 STP to be rationalized. Low 0-50 93 All STPs to go through yearly inspections. Summary of the Results In Gombak Operational Unit, 128 out 380 STPs have slope issues. Based on the 8 criteria assessed, the slope situation faced by IWK Gombak Operational Unit are stated as below: For STP close to any slope, majority of the STPs (47 out of 128 STPs) falls under the scoring of 5, which means these STPs are located in between slopes (there are slopes above and below the STP) which put these STPs in a high risk. For distance of slope from STP, majority of the STPs (100 out of 128 STPs) falls under the scoring of 5, which means these STPs are located very near to slopes with a range of less than 5 meters and this considered to be a high risk. For height of slope from STP, majority of the STPs were given a scoring of 1-3 meters (which means the slope height is 9 meters and below) whereby it is considered in the category of low to moderate risk. For condition of slope (steepness), majority of the STPs (58 out of 128 STPs) falls under the scoring of 5, which means the slopes ident ified at the STPs are very steep(35 degrees) and are at high risk. For cover for the slope, majority of the STPs (104 out of 128 STPs) were given a score of 3 which means these STPs have vegetation as their mode of slope protection and it poses moderate risk to the STPs. For any signs of erosion or damage, majority of the STPs (117 out of 128 STPs) with slope issues do not face any signs of erosion or damage, so it is considered to be at low risk. For drainage provided along the slope, majority of the STPs (59%) identified with slopes are provided with drainage system. But the balance 41% is considered to be quite a large number and needs proper attention. For potential impact of slope failure, a majority of 80% of the STPs are located near slopes which will create no impact or minor impact to the STP and its surroundings, if the slope collapse. In terms of the prioritization exercise, the summary of the result are stated as below: The total number of STPs operated by Gombak Operational Unit is 380 STPs. Out of the total number of STPs, 128 STPs are identified to have slope issues. Based on the prioritization exercise using the risk rating matrix, 93 out of the 128 STPs are of low level criticality. 21 STPs are in medium level criticality and 14 STPs are in high level criticality. Focusing down to the STPs with high criticality level, AMA137 was identified as the most critical plant for Gombak Operational Unit with a total score of 145. As for the mitigation method, the summary of the result are stated as below: For STPs with high level criticality ranking (101-175), the mitigation method varies for each of the STPs focusing down to the 8 criteria. The main mitigation methods are structural slope protection and drainage system. Besides that is to have a Slope Watch Program assisted by the nearby residents. For STPs with medium level criticality ranking (51-100), risk mitigation method could be separated into two methods. For the STPs which scored 80 to 100, the strategy would be to have monthly inspection done, where else for STPs which scored 79 to 51, the strategy would be to have 6 monthly inspections done. For STPs with low level criticality ranking (0-50), the strategy to manage the risk is to have yearly inspection done.

Death of the Newspaper Where Will Journalism Go From Here

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The history of Hip-Hop free essay sample

The history of hip-hop originated In the late 60th of the 20th century and continues to grow In the present day. Hip hop music first emerged with disc Jockeys creating rhythmic beats by looping breaks on two turntables. This was later known as rap, a rhythmic style of chanting or poetry presented in 16 bar measures or time frames. Hip hop is a form of musical expression and artistic subculture that originated in African American and Hispanic American communities during the asses In New York City, specifically in the Bronx. Hip hop culture has spread to both urban and auburn communities throughout the world.Hip hop culture has had extensive coverage in the media, especially in relation to television. Hip-hop culture originated In New York among black and Latino ghetto, street culture existed for centuries In all countries. Cool Here a Jamaican DC is considered to be one of the founders of hip- hop. What began more than 30 years ago, boiled over into a particular movement and culture. Hip-hop culture originated first In New York among black and Latino ghetto.Despite the fact that hip-hop as a way of life originated long ago In various parts of North America, the real birthplace of It Is considered to be the South Bronx, which Is Indeed the black ghettos of New York, one of the poorest quarters known around that time. In selective Campbell came to South Bronx from Jamaica, he was then nick-named Cool Here. He is considered to be one of the founders of hip- hop. Cool Here later became known as DC. In Jamaica, the DC was a master of the music system, which evolved around the lives of youth.He arranged parties and other get together for people of the rap society. Soon he became known as MAC ( master of ceremony), he then gathered music plates and played and announced them. And when a DC, besides making music, announced some rhythmic text it became now as the word rap. The street culture of It existed for centuries in all countries, but In the USA a country of ghettos had a special Isolation from society. It eventually spilled onto the streets of white quarters and then to the masses of show-business, discos, cinema, and everywhere we see and hear It today.Its main two components were rap and break-dance when it first originated. But the word hip-hop did not yet exist, it was invented a few years later, when already grown-up culture needed some overall title, by a legendary D], Africa Bumboat. Soon Cool Here convinced dancers o began to repeat the instrumental breaks between verses, during which the dancers came out to the dance-floor and showed their skills. Cool Here marked the enthusiasm of the dancers for such breaks, and named the term B-Boy, Break boys. This style became known as breakfasting. Masc. ( master of ceremony) became about with rap, when rappers have not only become Ads but also performers, who are able to move In a special hip-hop manner. In the late asss breakneck existed In the form of two separate dances New York acrobatic style, which we call the lower break, and the Los Angels-based mime (upper break). It is an acrobatic style of breaking that was originally twisted by b-boys In break-dance. It became popular, after 1969. Bumboat then formed his own break-dancing team called Zulu artists and dancers.Zulu Nation, along with other teams contributed to promote break-dancing. Bumboat included 5 elements into the hip-hop culture: Miming : Rapping rap), Dicing, Graffiti (Writing), Dancing (Breaking, Up-Rocking, Popping, Locking), and knowledge. The last item on his sense means that there is a lack of knowledge about hip-hop culture. Hip-Hop can be separated into two different sectors, old school and new-school. Old school (old school) includes popping, locking, breakneck. Popping in its turn is divided into bugaboo, electric bugaboo, tetras, waiving, robot, Egyptian, pop corn.Style locking became scenic standard for many black singers and MET stars such as lane Jackson and her dancers, as well as many others are moving in this style. In the 30th there was a new form of hip-hop, which connects traffic from the old school styles: popping, locking, break-dancing (but more focused on footwork as opposed to acrobatic style), as well as from many other styles. Gradually, penetrating into the pop culture, absorbing all the new elements and styles, transforming, hip-hop has become the leading dance direction and separated into a single direction hip-hop.

Nowhere in Africa Review Essay Example

Nowhere in Africa Review Paper Essay on Nowhere in Africa In the umpteenth time I come across a book about the fate of the Jews in the time of fascism. This time the focus was Stephanie Zweig novel Nowhere in Africa ». When I bought this work, did not know about it. I was attracted by the author. And when I started to read the first pages of history imbued Walter Yettel and their daughter Regina. These people betrayed the native land. They lived in Germany and loved this country, until one day she was not taken away from them all. Began the persecution of the Jews, and to survive, Redlich family had to quickly look for a new home, as if afraid not heard these words. In the end, really I found a land that was ready to accept people who have lost homes and help them, but If a small Regina once enthusiastically adopted the new country, which became a real homeland for her, her parents was not easy. In Germany, they left loved ones and part of his soul. Get used to the new life it was much more difficult. If Reginas life began just here in Africa, her parents lost their homeland, language, everything that treasured all my life. We will write a custom essay sample on Nowhere in Africa Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Nowhere in Africa Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Nowhere in Africa Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Once again, the tragic story of a family that suffered from fascism fascinated me. I have read and thought about what the horror experienced by our ancestors and what they were doing for the sake of a prosperous life of future generations. It is terrible even to think that such a terrible tragedy when something could happen again. In short, Stephanie Zweig did not disappoint me, although I confess that at times it was a bit boring, but its stuff. I know that the film was shot on this book. Now really I want to see it. A novel Nowhere in Africa ​​has taken a worthy place on the shelves of my memory.